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lm-003896 · 2026-09

CSM_RH Paper 38 — Polynomial Shrinking Thresholds, Explicit-Formula Height Tax, and the Right-Edge Subpower Barrier

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CSM_RH Paper 38

Polynomial Shrinking Thresholds, Explicit-Formula Height Tax, and the Right-Edge Subpower Barrier

Project: CSM_RH
Paper: 38
Version: v0.1
Date: 2026-09-07
Parent state: CSM_RH v1.28 / Paper 37
Campaign: 37 — SHRINKING_THRESHOLD_TAIL_ATTACK
Status: explicit dependence audit of the Gafni–Tao exceptional-set architecture; not a proof or disproof of RH


0. Trust boundary

This paper does not prove or disprove the Riemann Hypothesis.

RH_PROVED = FALSE
RH_DISPROVED = FALSE
GLOBAL_RH_CERTIFICATE = FALSE
CSM_RH_ROOT_STATUS = OPEN

Paper 37 certified that a polynomial shrinking-threshold exceptional-set theorem would imply MLEPG and hence a fixed zero-free strip.

Campaign 37 asks whether the current Gafni–Tao exceptional-set proof can already be pushed to such a threshold by exposing all parameter dependence.

The answer is negative for the audited architecture.

There are three independent reasons:

  1. the theorem is proved with δ\delta and JJ fixed before XX\to\infty ;
  2. a polynomial threshold forces the explicit-formula height to increase by a fixed power of XX ;
  3. the right-edge zero packet is controlled only at stretched-log / subpower strength.

The third obstruction is decisive.

No new fixed-power theorem is admitted.


1. Shrinking-threshold admission target

Let

H=XθH=X^\theta

with fixed

0<θ<1.0<\theta<1.

Define

UH(x)=ψ(x+H)ψ(x)H.U_H(x) = \psi(x+H)-\psi(x)-H.

The Paper-37 admission target is:

{x[X,2X]:UH(x)>HXη}X1c\boxed{ \left| \left\{ x\in[X,2X]: |U_H(x)|>HX^{-\eta} \right\} \right| \ll X^{1-c} }

for some fixed

η>0,c>0.\eta>0, \qquad c>0.

By Paper 37 this implies

SΛ(X,H)XH2Xmin(2η,c)+o(1),\mathcal S_\Lambda(X,H) \ll XH^2X^{-\min(2\eta,c)+o(1)},

and therefore MLEPG.


2. Fixed-parameter structure of Gafni–Tao

The Gafni–Tao proof begins by fixing

0<δ<1.0<\delta<1.

It then chooses a natural number JJ sufficiently large depending on

δ,θ,ε,\delta,\theta,\varepsilon,

and proves its exceptional-set estimate as

XX\to\infty

with

J,δ,θ,εJ,\delta,\theta,\varepsilon

held fixed.

Therefore the published theorem does not by itself authorize the substitution

δ=Xη.\boxed{ \delta=X^{-\eta}. }

Create:

O-RH-088
GAFNI_TAO_FIXED_PARAMETER_NONUNIFORMITY
status:
  CERTIFIED AS THEOREM-SCOPE AUDIT

This is a theorem-scope statement, not a claim that the proof cannot be uniformized by new work.


3. Spatial localization cost

To replace the varying interval length xθx^\theta by the multiplicatively normalized length x/τx/\tau, the proof localizes xx to intervals of the form

[X,(1+δ/J)X],[X,(1+\delta/J)X],

where

τ=X1θ.\tau=X^{1-\theta}.

Covering [X,2X][X,2X] requires

O(J/δ)\boxed{ O(J/\delta) }

such intervals.

For fixed δ,J\delta,J this is a harmless constant.

If

δ=Xη\delta=X^{-\eta}

and JJ grows polynomially, this becomes an exponent-level cost.


4. Explicit-formula height tax

The truncated explicit formula used in the proof has error

O(X(logX)2T).\boxed{ O \left( \frac{ X(\log X)^2 }{ T } \right). }

To resolve the shrinking threshold

δXθ,\delta X^\theta,

it is necessary that

X(logX)2TδXθ.\frac{ X(\log X)^2 }{ T } \ll \delta X^\theta.

Therefore:

Theorem 4.1 — Polynomial Threshold Truncation Law

Tδ1X1θ(logX)2.\boxed{ T \gtrsim \delta^{-1} X^{1-\theta} (\log X)^2. }

In particular, if

δ=Xη,\delta=X^{-\eta},

then

TX1θ+η+o(1).\boxed{ T \ge X^{1-\theta+\eta+o(1)}. }

Create:

B-RH-013
SHRINKING_THRESHOLD_EXPLICIT_FORMULA_HEIGHT_LAW
status:
  CERTIFIED

The original proof chooses

T=J(logX)2X1θ.T = J(\log X)^2X^{1-\theta}.

Thus, within that parameterization, polynomial shrinking forces at least

JXη.\boxed{ J\gtrsim X^\eta. }

5. Zero-density exponent tax

Suppose generously that one has the uniform zero-density bound

N(σ,T)TA0(1σ)+o(1)N(\sigma,T) \le T^{A_0(1-\sigma)+o(1)}

with

A0=3013.A_0=\frac{30}{13}.

Under the polynomial truncation height

T=X1θ+η+o(1),T=X^{1-\theta+\eta+o(1)},

the density contribution becomes

XA0(1θ+η)(1σ)+o(1).\boxed{ X^{ A_0(1-\theta+\eta)(1-\sigma) +o(1) }. }

Thus the zero-density part itself pays a fixed exponent tax

A0η(1σ).\boxed{ A_0\eta(1-\sigma). }

This is not yet the decisive obstruction, because for σ\sigma bounded away from 11 and θ\theta above the almost-all threshold by a fixed margin, sufficiently small η\eta can still leave exponent room.

The fatal region is σ1\sigma\to1.


6. Right-edge lemma

Gafni–Tao isolate a fixed strip

I[1η0,1].I\subset[1-\eta_0,1].

Using the Vinogradov–Korobov zero-free region and a near-one zero-density estimate, they prove

supXx2XSI(x)θexp[cθ(logX)1/3(loglogX)1/3]Xτ.\boxed{ \sup_{X\le x\le2X} |S_I(x)| \ll_\theta \exp \left[ -c_\theta \frac{ (\log X)^{1/3} }{ (\log\log X)^{1/3} } \right] \frac{X}{\tau}. }

Since

Xτ=Xθ,\frac{X}{\tau}=X^\theta,

the available relative suppression is

Δedge(X)=exp[cθ(logX)1/3(loglogX)1/3].\boxed{ \Delta_{\mathrm{edge}}(X) = \exp \left[ -c_\theta \frac{ (\log X)^{1/3} }{ (\log\log X)^{1/3} } \right]. }

This is

Xo(1).X^{-o(1)}.

7. Polynomial threshold comparison

For any fixed

η>0,\eta>0,

the desired relative threshold is

δX=Xη.\delta_X=X^{-\eta}.

But

Δedge(X)Xη\boxed{ \Delta_{\mathrm{edge}}(X) \gg X^{-\eta} }

as XX\to\infty.

Indeed,

ηlogX(logX)1/3(loglogX)1/3.\eta\log X \gg \frac{ (\log X)^{1/3} }{ (\log\log X)^{1/3} }.

Therefore the right-edge estimate is asymptotically much larger than the desired polynomial threshold.

Create:

O-RH-089
GAFNI_TAO_RIGHT_EDGE_SUBPOWER_FLOOR
status:
  CERTIFIED AS CURRENT-PROOF BARRIER

The existing Lemma 2.1 cannot dispose of the right-edge zero packet at threshold XηX^{-\eta}.


8. This failure occurs before Markov

The right-edge treatment is an LL^\infty disposal step.

It occurs before the proof invokes the L2L^2 and L4L^4 Markov bounds for the remaining zero strips.

Therefore improving bookkeeping in the later Markov step does not repair this failure.

The proof already lacks sufficient amplitude suppression on the near-one zero packet.


9. Why the second moment cannot repair the edge

Away from the right edge, the second-moment exponent has the form

(1θ)(1σ)A(σ)+2θ+2σ2.(1-\theta) (1-\sigma) A(\sigma) + 2\theta + 2\sigma - 2.

After the shrinking-threshold height tax, the natural generous replacement is

(1θ+η)(1σ)A(σ)+2θ+2σ2.\boxed{ (1-\theta+\eta) (1-\sigma) A(\sigma) + 2\theta + 2\sigma - 2. }

Markov at threshold XθηX^{\theta-\eta} introduces an additional cost

X2η.X^{2\eta}.

Even ignoring localization and binning costs, the exceptional-set exponent tends to

1+2η\boxed{ 1+2\eta }

as

σ1.\sigma\to1.

The zero-density term is nonnegative and vanishes with 1σ1-\sigma.

Hence no uniform power saving can emerge from the second moment arbitrarily close to σ=1\sigma=1.


10. Fourth and higher moments have the same edge geometry

The fourth-moment exponent has the form

(1θ)(1σ)A(σ)+4θ+4σ4.(1-\theta) (1-\sigma) A^\ast(\sigma) + 4\theta + 4\sigma - 4.

At polynomial threshold XθηX^{\theta-\eta}, Markov contributes X4ηX^{4\eta}.

As

σ1,\sigma\to1,

the resulting exceptional-set exponent tends to

1+4η.\boxed{ 1+4\eta. }

The same phenomenon persists for a hypothetical 2k2k -th moment of the standard zero packet.

The baseline exponent is

2kσ2k=2k(1σ),2k\sigma-2k = -2k(1-\sigma),

while the shrinking threshold costs

X2kη.X^{2k\eta}.

If

1σ<η,1-\sigma<\eta,

then even the best possible contribution obtained by discarding the nonnegative zero-density term cannot compensate the threshold cost.

Create:

O-RH-090
MOMENT_ORDER_CANNOT_CURE_POLYNOMIAL_THRESHOLD_AT_SHRINKING_EDGE
status:
  CERTIFIED AS STANDARD_MARKOV-PACKET STRENGTH AUDIT

This concerns the standard moment-plus-Markov zero-packet architecture.

It is not a universal impossibility theorem for every high-moment method.


11. The zero-free-region scale

The Vinogradov–Korobov region only removes zeros in a shrinking neighborhood

1σ(logX)2/3(loglogX)1/31-\sigma \asymp (\log X)^{-2/3} (\log\log X)^{-1/3}

at the present height scale, up to constants and the harmless effect of subpower height changes.

This width tends to zero.

For every fixed

η>0,\eta>0,

eventually

1σ<η1-\sigma<\eta

throughout part of the remaining admissible edge layer.

Thus the moment-order audit in Section 10 is consistent with the explicit LL^\infty barrier of Section 7.


12. Maximum natural shrinking class of the current edge input

The right-edge bound is compatible with thresholds no smaller than a stretched-log class such as

δXexp[C(logX)1/3(loglogX)1/3].\boxed{ \delta_X \gtrsim \exp \left[ -C \frac{ (\log X)^{1/3} }{ (\log\log X)^{1/3} } \right]. }

For such a subpower threshold,

δX1=Xo(1),\delta_X^{-1}=X^{o(1)},

so the necessary truncation height can remain

T=X1θ+o(1).T=X^{1-\theta+o(1)}.

This explains structurally why the existing architecture naturally lives in a subpower-precision class.

This section is an architecture calibration, not a new uniform theorem, because the published proof keeps δ\delta fixed.


13. Interior zero-density region is not the primary failure

To localize the obstruction, suppose hypothetically that all zeros with

σ>1η0\sigma>1-\eta_0

were absent for one fixed

η0>0.\eta_0>0.

Then the remaining σ\sigma -range is bounded away from 11.

With Guth–Maynard

A0=3013,A_0=\frac{30}{13},

and

θ>215\theta>\frac{2}{15}

by a fixed margin, sufficiently small shrinking exponent η\eta leaves room in the second-moment exponent ledger.

For example, at the most basic σ=1/2\sigma=1/2 density point, ignoring localization losses, the condition is

A02(1θ+η)+2η<1.\boxed{ \frac{A_0}{2} (1-\theta+\eta) + 2\eta < 1. }

This has a positive solution η\eta whenever

θ>215.\theta>\frac{2}{15}.

Thus the critical issue is not merely the 30/1330/13 density coefficient.

It is the absence of a fixed right-edge gap.


14. Current-proof J coupling adds further costs

In the published proof the same JJ controls:

  1. spatial localization;
  2. zero-strip subdivision;
  3. explicit-formula truncation height.

If one formally sets

J=Xj,δ=Xη,J=X^j, \qquad \delta=X^{-\eta},

then:

truncation requirement

jη;j\ge\eta;

number of spatial intervals

J/δ=Xj+η;J/\delta = X^{j+\eta};

number of zero strips

J=Xj;J = X^j;

pigeonhole threshold per zero strip

δJ=X(η+j).\frac{\delta}{J} = X^{-(\eta+j)}.

These costs were constants in the fixed-parameter proof.

They become exponent-level losses when JJ and δ1\delta^{-1} grow polynomially.

Even without the right-edge failure, the proof would require a new uniform re-optimization.


15. Generous current-architecture L2 ledger

If one keeps the original JJ coupling and chooses the minimal polynomial scale

j=η,j=\eta,

then a generous global A0A_0 second-moment calculation produces the schematic exceptional exponent

Ξ2(σ)=2σ1+A0(1θ+η)(1σ)+7η\boxed{ \Xi_2(\sigma) = 2\sigma-1 + A_0 (1-\theta+\eta) (1-\sigma) + 7\eta }

after accounting for:

  1. the threshold δ/J\delta/J ;
  2. the JJ zero strips;
  3. the J/δJ/\delta spatial blocks.

For σ=1/2\sigma=1/2,

Ξ2(1/2)=A02(1θ+η)+7η.\boxed{ \Xi_2(1/2) = \frac{A_0}{2} (1-\theta+\eta) + 7\eta. }

This can remain below 11 for very small η\eta when θ\theta is above 2/152/15 by a fixed margin.

But

limσ1Ξ2(σ)=1+7η>1.\boxed{ \lim_{\sigma\to1} \Xi_2(\sigma) = 1+7\eta>1. }

Again the right edge is fatal.

The precise coefficient 77 is architecture-specific and is not claimed to be optimal.


16. Campaign 37 track audit

ST1 — fixed-delta dependence

status:
  NONUNIFORM IN PUBLISHED THEOREM

delta, J:
  fixed before X -> infinity

ST2 — explicit-formula truncation

status:
  POLYNOMIAL HEIGHT TAX

delta = X^(-eta)
  forces T >= X^(1-theta+eta+o(1))

ST3 — Guth–Maynard density insertion

status:
  INTERIOR REGION CAN RETAIN EXPONENT ROOM FOR SMALL eta

global A0:
  30/13

decisive failure:
  not interior density

ST4 — right-edge zero packet

status:
  FATAL FOR CURRENT PROOF

available suppression:
  X^(-o(1))

required suppression:
  X^(-eta)

ST5 — higher moments

status:
  STANDARD MARKOV MOMENTS DO NOT CURE SHRINKING EDGE

reason:
  threshold penalty survives as sigma -> 1

17. Campaign 37 verdict

No polynomial shrinking-threshold theorem is obtained.

The Paper-37 admission target remains valid and open.

The current Gafni–Tao architecture is classified as:

fixed threshold:
  valid

power exceptional sets:
  valid

subpower shrinking threshold:
  structurally compatible with edge scale, but not a published uniform theorem

polynomial shrinking threshold:
  not supported

first decisive obstruction:
  right-edge X^(-o(1)) amplitude floor

No theorem passes the Campaign-36 breakthrough gate.


18. New certified package

Create:

B-RH-013
SHRINKING_THRESHOLD_EXPLICIT_FORMULA_HEIGHT_LAW
CERTIFIED

O-RH-088
GAFNI_TAO_FIXED_PARAMETER_NONUNIFORMITY
CERTIFIED AS THEOREM-SCOPE AUDIT

O-RH-089
GAFNI_TAO_RIGHT_EDGE_SUBPOWER_FLOOR
CERTIFIED AS CURRENT-PROOF BARRIER

O-RH-090
MOMENT_ORDER_CANNOT_CURE_POLYNOMIAL_THRESHOLD_AT_SHRINKING_EDGE
CERTIFIED AS STANDARD MARKOV-PACKET STRENGTH AUDIT

No new frontier is created.


19. Canonical root status

F-RH-010
PESC
OPEN / ROOT TARGET

F-RH-016
MLEPG
OPEN / DIRECT THEOREM CANDIDATE

B-RH-012
SHRINKING_THRESHOLD_EXCEPTIONAL_SET_TO_MLEPG
CERTIFIED BRIDGE

polynomial shrinking-threshold theorem:
  OPEN / NOT PROVED

20. Campaign 38

The zero-density exceptional-set route is now localized to the same right-edge subpower barrier already seen in other explicit-formula arguments.

The next campaign therefore switches to a genuinely different arithmetic source:

CSM_RH Campaign 38
GROWING_ACCURACY_LAMBDA_RESIDUAL_ATTACK

The target is the 2026 higher-uniformity theorem for

f=ΛΛ.f=\Lambda-\Lambda^\sharp.

The question is:

can its arbitrary fixed log-power accuracy be uniformized to an accuracy parameter growing with XX strongly enough to produce HXηHX^{-\eta}?


21. Campaign 38 tracks

GA1 — accuracy parameter scaling

The current theorem gives

HlogAXH\log^{-A}X

for every fixed AA.

Set formally

AηlogXloglogXA \asymp \eta \frac{\log X}{\log\log X}

and audit every proof constant.

GA2 — W-parameter transition

The 2026 proof uses a prime major-arc parameter of the form

WΛ=logCAX.W_\Lambda=\log^{C A}X.

At growing AA, compute the exact point at which

WΛW_\Lambda

becomes polynomial in XX.

GA3 — Vinogradov–Korobov dependency

Track where the prime Dirichlet-polynomial input uses the shrinking zero-free region.

Determine whether that step alone prevents polynomial WΛW_\Lambda.

GA4 — exceptional-set parameter uniformity

The almost-all theorem also gives a logarithmic exceptional set.

Audit whether making AA grow causes the exceptional-set constant or auxiliary complexity to become exponent-level.

GA5 — direct bridge to Paper 37 target

If a uniform theorem of the form

UH(x)HXη|U_H(x)| \ll HX^{-\eta}

outside

O(X1c)O(X^{1-c})

intervals emerges, immediately invoke B-RH-012.

No new observable is allowed.


22. Campaign 38 rejection filters

Reject a candidate if:

R1. AA is treated as growing while a theorem assumes it fixed.

R2. A hidden OA(1)O_A(1) constant is ignored.

R3. WΛW_\Lambda becomes polynomial without re-proving the prime Dirichlet-polynomial estimate.

R4. The proof imports a fixed zero-free strip.

R5. The final exceptional set remains only logarithmically small.

R6. The output is Xo(1)X^{-o(1)} rather than XηX^{-\eta}.


23. External calibration

The audited source is Gafni–Tao, On the number of exceptional intervals to the prime number theorem in short intervals, published in Essential Number Theory 5 (2026), 221–241.

The proof:

  1. fixes δ\delta and JJ before letting XX\to\infty ;
  2. uses the truncation heightT=J(logX)2X1θ;T=J(\log X)^2X^{1-\theta};
  3. disposes of the right-edge zero packet with a Vinogradov–Korobov stretched-log bound;
  4. controls the remaining zero strips by L2L^2 and L4L^4 moments and Markov's inequality.

The Guth–Maynard zero-density theorem gives the global bound

A(σ)3013,A(\sigma)\le\frac{30}{13},

which yields the all-interval threshold 17/3017/30 and almost-all threshold 2/152/15.

Neither theorem currently provides the polynomial shrinking-threshold statement required by B-RH-012.


24. State transition

CSM_RH v1.28
  ->
CSM_RH v1.29

with:

Campaign 37
  CLOSED_AS_SHRINKING_THRESHOLD_GAFNI_TAO_DEPENDENCE_AUDIT

B-RH-013
  SHRINKING_THRESHOLD_EXPLICIT_FORMULA_HEIGHT_LAW
  CREATED / CERTIFIED

O-RH-088
  GAFNI_TAO_FIXED_PARAMETER_NONUNIFORMITY
  CREATED / CERTIFIED

O-RH-089
  GAFNI_TAO_RIGHT_EDGE_SUBPOWER_FLOOR
  CREATED / CERTIFIED

O-RH-090
  MOMENT_ORDER_CANNOT_CURE_POLYNOMIAL_THRESHOLD_AT_SHRINKING_EDGE
  CREATED / CERTIFIED

F-RH-010
  PESC
  REMAINS OPEN

F-RH-016
  MLEPG
  REMAINS OPEN

Campaign 38
  GROWING_ACCURACY_LAMBDA_RESIDUAL_ATTACK
  READY

25. Final status

RH = OPEN

PESC = OPEN

MLEPG = OPEN

POLYNOMIAL SHRINKING-THRESHOLD EXCEPTIONAL SET = NOT PROVED

GAFNI-TAO FIXED-DELTA THEOREM = NOT UNIFORM IN delta = X^(-eta)

EXPLICIT-FORMULA HEIGHT = PAYS +eta EXPONENT

RIGHT-EDGE ZERO PACKET = X^(-o(1)) FLOOR

STANDARD L2/L4/HIGHER-MOMENT MARKOV = CANNOT CURE SHRINKING EDGE

INTERIOR GUTH-MAYNARD DENSITY = NOT THE PRIMARY BARRIER

NEXT CAMPAIGN = 38

The decisive comparison is

exp[c(logX)1/3(loglogX)1/3]Xη\boxed{ \exp \left[ -c \frac{ (\log X)^{1/3} }{ (\log\log X)^{1/3} } \right] \gg X^{-\eta} }

for every fixed η>0\eta>0.

The present exceptional-set proof reaches the right edge at subpower precision.

The breakthrough gate requires polynomial precision.