# 外部定位參考資料

檢索日期：2026-08-12。

1. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Identity Over Time
   https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-time/
2. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Personal Identity
   https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2025/entries/identity-personal/
3. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Identity
   https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2025/entries/identity/
4. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Relative Identity
   https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-relative/
5. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Personal Identity and Ethics
   https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2026/entries/identity-ethics/

定位摘要：
- identity-over-time 文獻將 fission / fusion / Ship of Theseus 等視為核心 diachronic identity puzzles；
- personal identity 文獻直接討論 death / resurrection-type questions：死亡後高度相似的存在必須與原人具有何種關係，才會是同一人而非新人；
- duplication / fission 顯示單純心理、記憶或結構 continuity 可能同時存在於多個後繼，形成 branching pressure；
- best-candidate / no-rival / no-branching 類限制是 identity persistence 討論的重要接口。